OPERATING ENGINEERS

Heavy Equipment

Grade, excavation, haul and production math. Use the tabs below to switch between working calculators and quick field-reference material.

Field-reference aid. Use approved drawings, current codes/standards, manufacturer data and job-specific procedures for final decisions—especially for lifting, electrical, pressure, fire-protection and life-safety work.

Earthwork

1 cubic yard = 27 cubic feet.

Grade

Percent grade = rise ÷ run × 100.

Material volume

Bank, loose and compacted volumes can differ substantially; use job-specific swell/shrink factors.

Machine limits

Capacity, lifting and slope limits must come from the machine manufacturer and jobsite plan.

Need a specific table or takeoff chart?

Send us what you use in the field and we can build it into this trade section.

Suggest reference data